The Comtessa de Dia (Countess of Die), probably named Beatritz or Beatriz (fl. c. 1175), was a trobairitz (female troubadour). She is only known as the comtessa de Dia in contemporary documents, but was almost certainly named Beatriz and likely the daughter of Count Isoard II of Diá (a town northeast of hypothesised that she was in fact married to Guillem's son, Ademar de Peiteus, whose wife's name was Philippa de Fay, and that her real lover was Raimbaut de Vaqueiras.Beatrice's poems were often set to the music of a flute. Five of her works survive, including 4 cansos and 1 tenson. Scholars have debated whether or not Comtessa authored Amics, en greu consirier, a tenso typically attributed to Raimbaut d'Aurenga. One reason for this is due to the similarities between this composition and her own Estat ai en greu consirier. A second reason references the words in her vida, Et enamoret se d'En Rambaut d' Ashley, e fez de lui mantas bonas cansos [And she fell in love with Sir Raimbaut d'Aurenga, and made about him many good cansos].
Her song A chantar m'er de so qu'eu no volria in the Occitan language is the only canso by a trobairitz to survive with its music intact. The music to A chantar is found only in Le manuscript di roi, a collection of songs copied around 1270 for Charles of Anjou, the brother of Louis IX.
Typical subject matter used by Comtessa de Dia in her lyrics includes optimism, praise of herself and her love, as well as betrayal. In A chantar, Comtessa plays the part of a betrayed lover, and despite the fact she has been betrayed, continues to defend and praise herself. In Fin ioi me don'alegranssa, however, Comtessa makes fun of the lausengier, a person known for gossiping, comparing those who gossip to a "cloud that obscures the sun." In writing style, Comtessa uses a process known as coblas singulars in A chantar, repeating the same rhyme scheme in each strophe, but changing the a rhyme each time. Ab ioi, on the other hand, uses coblas doblas, with a rhyme scheme of ab' ab' b' aab'. A chantar uses some of the motifs of Idyll II of Theocritus.
References
Troubadour Music at the Music Encyclopedia. Accessed February 2008.Socialist Magical Realism Irmtraud Morgner's Trobadora Beatrice by Elizabeth Morier. The Complete Review, Volume II, Issue 2- May, 2001. Accessed February 2008.
Bruckner, Matilda Tomaryn; Shepard, Laurie; White, Sarah (1995). Songs of the Women Troubadours. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc. ISBN 0-8153-0817-5.
Earnshaw, Doris (1988). "The Female Voice in Medieval Romance Lyric". American university studies.; Series II,; Romance languages and literature (Book). Series II (v. 68). ISBN 0-8204-0575-2.
Paden, William D. (1989). The Voice of the Trobairitz:Perspectives on the Women Troubadours. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-8167-5.
Pendle, Karin (1991). Women and Music: A History. Bloomington, Indiana: Bloomington Indiana University Press. p. 12.
Schulman, Jana K. (2002). The Rise of the Medieval World 500-1300. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-313-30817-8.
46,1 Ab joi et ab joven m'apais
| Ab ioi et ab ioven m’apais e iois e iovens m’apaia, que mos amics es lo plus gais per qu’eu sui coindeta e gaia, e pois eu li sui veraia be. is taing q’el me sia verais, c’anc de lui amar no m’estrais ni ai cor que m’en estraia. Mout mi plai car sai que val mais cel q’ieu plus desir que m’aia, e cel que primiers lo m’atrais Dieu prec que gran ioi l’atraia, e qui que mal l’en retraia, non creza, fors qu’ie.l retrais, c’om cuoill maintas vetz los balais ab q’el mezeis se balaia. Dompna que en bon pretz s’enten deu ben pausar s’entendenssa en un pro cavallier valen pos ill conois sa valenssa que l’aus amar a presenssa, e dompna, pois ama a presen, ia pois li pro ni.ll’avinen no.n diran mas avinenssa. Q’ieu n’ai chausit un pro e gen per cui pretz meillura e genssa, larc et adreig e conoissen, on es sens e conoissenssa; prec li non aia crezenssa, ni hom no.il puosca far crezen q’ieu fassa vas lui faillimen, sol non trob en lui faillensa Amics, la vostra valenssa sabon li pro e li valen, per q’ieu vos qier de mantenen si.us plai vostra mantenenssa. | I feed on joy and youthfulness and joy and youthfulness content me; since my friend is the most cheerful I am cheered and charmed by him, and because I’m true to him, it’s well that he be true to me; I never stray from loving him nor do I have the heart to stray. I’m pleased to know there’s so much worth in him, the one that I most wish would have me; to the one who first brought him to me, I pray that God may bring great joy. May he disbelieve whoever speaks false words to him, and believe what I say, for many people bind brooms and with those brooms are swept away. The lady who has faith in virtue surely ought to put her faith in a knight of heart and worth; since she knows how worthy he is, let her dare reveal she loves him; and about the lady, since she loves openly, will virtuous, pleasant people thus say nothing but pleasing things. For I’ve chosen one who’s brave and noble in whom worth becomes ennobled: openhanded, agile, knowing, full of knowledge and good sense. I pray that he not believe, and that none can make him believe I’m failing him, always provided that I find no fault in him. Friend, your worth is known by the brave and the worthy, and so I ask you presently: please lend me your protecting presence. |
46,2 A chantar m'er de so qu'ieu non volria
Troubadours Art Ensemble; Occitan Trob'art 1; Florilege track 6 Sandra Hurtado Ros *****
| A chantar m’er de so qu’ieu non volria Tant me rancur de lui cui sui amia, Car ieu l’am mais que nuilla ren que sia; Vas lui no.m val merces ni cortesia Ni ma beltatz ni mos pretz ni mos sens, C’atressi.m sui enganad’e trah¨ıa Com degr’esser, s’ieu fos desavinens. Meravill me com vostre cors s’orguoilla Amics, vas me, per qu’ai razon qu’ieu.m duoilla Non es ges dreitz c’autr’amors vos mi tuoilla Per nuilla ren qe.us diga ni acuoilla; E membre vos cals fo.l comenssamens De nostr’amor! ja Dompnedieus non vuoilla Qu’en ma colpa sia.l departimens. Valer mi deu mos pretz e mos paratges E ma beltatz e plus mos fis coratges, Per qu’ieu vos man lai on es vostr’estatges Esta chansson que me sia messatges: Ieu vuoill saber, lo mieus bels amics gens, Per que vos m’etz tant fers ni tant salvatges, Non sai, si s’es orguoills o maltalens. Mas aitan plus voill qe.us diga.l messatges Qu’en trop d’orguoill ant gran dan maintas gens | I am obliged to sing of that which I would not, So bitter am I over the one whose love I am, For I love him more than anything; With him mercy and courtliness are of no avail Not my beauty, nor my merit nor my good sense, For I am deceived and betrayed Exactly as I should be, if I were ungracious. I am amazed at how you become haughty, Friend, towards me, and thus I have reason to grieve; It is hardly right that another love take you from me On account of anything said or granted to you. And remember how it was at the beginning Of our love! May the Lord God never wish That my guilt be the cause of separation. My worth and my nobility, My beauty and my faithful heart should help me; That is why I send there to your dwelling This song, that it may be my messenger. I want to know, my fine and noble friend, Why you are so cruel and harsh with me; I don’t know if it is haughtiness or ill will. But I especially want the messenger to tell you That many people are harmed by excess pride. |
46,3 Estat ai en greu cossirier
Estat ai en greu cossirier
per un cavallier qu’ai agut,
e vuoil sia totz temps saubut
cum ieu l’ai amat a sobrier:
ara vei qu’ieu sui trahida
car ieu non li donei m’amor,
don ai estat en gran error
en lieig e quan sui vestida.
Ben volria mon cavallier
tener un ser en mos bratz nut,
qu’el s’en tengra per ereubut
sol qu’a lui fezes cosseillier;
car plus m’en sui abellida
no fetz Floris de Blancheflor:
ieu l’autrei mon cor e m’amor,
mon sen, mos huoills e ma vida.
Bels amics avinens e bos,
cora·us tenrai en mos poder?
e que jagues ab vos un ser
e qu’ie·us des un bais amoros!
Sapchatz, gran talan n’auria
qu’ieu·s tengues en luoc del marit,
ab so que m’aguessetz ple vit
de far tot so qu’ieu volria. |
I’ve been in great distress of mind,
About a knight whom I possessed,
How I’ve loved him to excess
I want known, throughout all time;
Now I feel myself betrayed
Because I did not tell my love,
In great torment so I prove,
In bed or in my clothes arrayed.
Would that I might hold my knight
Till morning naked in my arms,
Intoxicated by my charms
He’d think himself in paradise;
For more pleased with him am I
Than Floris was with Blancheflor:
I grant him my heart, my amour,
My eyes, my mind, and my life.
Sweet friend, so good so gracious
When shall I have you in my power,
And lie with you at midnight hour,
And grant you kisses amorous?
Know, great desire I nurture too
To have you in my husband’s place,
As soon as you grant me, with grace,
To do all that I’d have you do. |
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